单词盒子

afraid

A 开头单词

音标发音

  • 英式音标 [əˈfreɪd]
  • 美式音标 [əˈfreɪd]
  • 国际音标 [ə'freid]
  • 英式发音
  • 美式发音

基本解释

  • adj.抱歉的；担心的；害怕的

词源解说

  • 15世纪初期进入英语，直接源自盎格鲁法语的afrayer，意为惊恐；最初源自古法语的esfreer。

同根派生

  • afraid

用法辨析

    adj. (形容词)

  • afraid的基本含义是“害怕”,泛指一种恐惧心理,或者用于表示习惯的、经常的懦弱或怯弱,并带有因“畏惧”而行动不灵活或谈吐不顺畅之意。afraid也可表示“担忧”或“忧虑”某事物可能产生的后果,即“恐怕”。afraid还可以表示“担心”某人〔事物〕会遇到危险。
  • afraid是表语形容词,即一般不用在名词前面作定语。作“害怕”解时其后可接of (sb/sth/ v -ing)引起的短语,也可接动词不定式和that(常省略)从句,从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟式。作“担心”解时其后可接for引起的短语。
  • afraid在句中间或可用作宾语补足语。由afraid构成的形容词短语在句中还可用作状语。
  • I am afraid...是口语中常见的一种固定搭配(只用单数第一人称一般现在时)。可用来表示推测(suppose)、歉意(Excuse me…)、婉拒(I'm sorry but…)或者引出不好的消息(sorry to have to say)。其作用在于使语气婉转和缓。其位置可在句首,也可在句末。
  • 在回答别人问话时afraid后可用so或not替代问句中的肯定式或否定式宾语。
  • afraid不可用very修饰,但可用much或very much修饰。
  • afraid的比较级和最高级是more afraid和most afraid。
  • much afraid, very much afraid和very afraid都指“很害怕”，但因afraid是表语形容词，very afraid的表达方式不妥当。使用最普遍的是very much afraid，等同于afraid的定语形容词是frightened；

英汉例句

    用作形容词 (adj.)

    用作表语: S+be+～

  • Don't be afraid.
    别怕。

    • S+be+～+for n./pron.

  • The mother is very much afraid for her son who is seriously ill.
    母亲很担心自己的儿子,他病得很重。

    • S+be+～+of n./pron.

  • Are you afraid of him?
    你怕他吗?

    • S+be+～+of v -ing

  • I am afraid of hurting her feelings.
    我怕伤害她的感情。

    • S+be+～+of wh-clause

  • She was afraid of what he might say.
    她生怕他会说漏了嘴。

    • S+be+～+to- v

  • He is afraid to jump.
    他不敢跳。

    • S+be+～+(that-)/wh-clause

  • The little girl was afraid that she will die.
    那小姑娘担心自己会死。

    • I am afraid+(that-)clause

  • I am afraid (that) it is true.
    恐怕这是真的。

    • S+be+～+so/not

  • “Do you think it'll rain again today?”“Yes,I am afraid so.”
    “你认为今天还会下雨吗?”“恐怕会的。”

    • 用作宾语补足语: S+V+O+～

  • Nothing can make me afraid.
    什么东西都不能使我害怕。

    • 用作状语: adj. -phrase,+S+V

  • Afraid for their own lives,Duncan's two sons fled.
    邓肯的两个儿子担心自己性命难保,就逃走了。

词组短语

    用作形容词 (adj.)

    动词+～

  • be afraid 害怕
  • look afraid 显得害怕;看上去很害怕
  • seem afraid 好像害怕

    • 副词+～

  • half afraid 有点怕
  • not a bit afraid 一点不怕
  • awfully afraid 非常害怕

英英字典

    剑桥英英字典

  • (FEAR) feeling fear, or feeling worry about the possible results of a particular situation
  • (SORRY) used to politely introduce bad news or disagreement

    • 柯林斯英英字典

  • If you are afraid of someone or afraid to do something, you are frightened because you think that something very unpleasant is going to happen to you.
  • If you are afraid for someone else, you are worried that something horrible is going to happen to them.
  • If you are afraid that something unpleasant will happen, you are worried that it may happen and you want to avoid it.
  • If you want to apologize to someone or to disagree with them in a polite way, you can say I'm afraid.

专业释义

    心理学

  • 害怕的

    • 经济学

  • 担心的