grind

音标发音

grind的基本意思是用摩擦的方法把刃磨锐、把平面磨光或把颗粒磨碎。引申可表示因摩擦而使之损耗,也可表示为达到目的或取得成功而采取粗暴的手段。
grind既可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,接简单宾语,也可接双宾语,其间接宾语可以转换为介词for的宾语; 用作不及物动词时,其主动形式常含有被动意义。
grind可用于被动结构。
grind后接away, at可表示“苦干”“苦等”等。
grind的过去式和过去分词均为ground。

(MAKE SMALLER) to make something into small pieces or a powder by pressing between hard surfaces
(RUB) to rub something against a hard surface, in order to make it sharper or smoother
(ACTIVITY) a difficult or boring activity that needs a lot of effort
(PERSON) a boring person who studies all the time and does nothing else

If you grind a substance such as corn, you crush it between two hard surfaces or with a machine until it becomes a fine powder.
Grind up means the same as . (grind)
If you grind something into a surface, you press and rub it hard into the surface using small circular or sideways movements.
If you grind your teeth, you rub your upper and lower teeth together as though you are chewing something.
If you grind something, you make it smooth or sharp by rubbing it against a hard surface.
If a vehicle grinds somewhere, it moves there very slowly and noisily.
The grind of a machine is the harsh, scraping noise that it makes, usually because it is old or is working too hard.
If you refer to routine tasks or activities as the grind, you mean they are boring and take up a lot of time and effort.
If a country's economy or something such as a process grinds to a halt, it gradually becomes slower or less active until it stops.
If a vehicle grinds to a halt, it stops slowly and noisily.